Relaciones Internacionales – Comunicación Internacional

13 julio, 2023
por Felipe Sahagún
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Climate change and migration

 
World Bank@WorldBank
Climate change is accelerating internal migration, caused by sudden & slow-onset impacts which will become more severe over time. Read the #WDR2023 for policy recommendations.

Migration is a development challenge. About 184 million people—2.3 percent of the world’s population—live outside of their country of nationality. Almost half of them are in low- and middle-income countries. But what lies ahead?

As the world struggles to cope with global economic imbalances, diverging demographic trends, and climate change, migration will become a necessity in the decades to come for countries at all levels of income. If managed well, migration can be a force for prosperity and can help achieve the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.

World Development Report 2023 proposes an integrated framework to maximize the development impacts of cross-border movements on both destination and origin countries and on migrants and refugees themselves. The framework it offers, drawn from labor economics and international law, rests on a “match and motive” matrix that focuses on two factors: how closely migrants’ skills and attributes match the needs of destination countries and what motives underlie their movements. This approach enables policy makers to distinguish between different types of movements and to design migration policies for each. International cooperation will be critical to the effective management of migration. 

What extreme heat does to the human body (W Post)

 

13 julio, 2023
por Felipe Sahagún
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Four maps explain how Sweden and Finland could alter NATO’s security (W Post)

Imagen

Sweden’s path to joining the North Atlantic Treaty Organization appeared clearer this week when Turkey, after months of stalling, agreed to let the Scandinavian country enter the alliance.

Over more than 70 years, NATO has grown to an alliance of more than 30 countries. Founded in 1949 to counterbalance the growing power of the Soviet Union, NATO — long a source of tension between the West and Russia — has reasserted itself as a significant and unified force against Moscow since Russian President Vladimir Putin’s invasion of Ukraine.

Finland, a traditionally neutral nation, officially joined the alliance in April, after submitting a request along with Sweden in response to the war.

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12 julio, 2023
por Felipe Sahagún
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Earth’s oceans changing colour…

 
The sea is becoming greener due to changes in plankton populations, analysis of Nasa images finds

The deep blue sea is actually becoming steadily greener over time, according to the study, with areas in the low latitudes near the equator especially affected.

“The reason we care about this is not because we care about the colour, but because the colour is a reflection of the changes in the state of the ecosystem,” said BB Cael, a scientist at the National Oceanography Centre at the University of Southampton and author of the study published in Nature.

Prior research focused on changes in the greenness of the ocean – from the verdant chlorophyll in its plankton – to learn about trends in the changing climate. But Cael’s team pored over 20 years of observations by Nasa’s Modis-Aqua satellite, an exhaustive data repository, and looked for patterns of change in the ocean’s hue through a fuller colour spectrum including red and blue.

Plankton of different sizes scatter light differently, and plankton with different pigments absorb light differently. Examining changes in colour can give scientists a clearer picture of changes in plankton populations around the globe. Phytoplankton is crucial to ocean ecosystems because it is at the base of most of its food chains.

When comparing these changes in colour with those hypothesised from a computer model simulating what the oceans would look like if human-caused global heating had never taken place, the change was clear.

“We do have changes in the colour that are significantly emerging in almost all of the ocean of the tropics or subtropics,” said Cael.

The changes have been detected over 56% of the world’s oceans – an area greater than all of the land on Earth.

In most areas there’s a clear “greening effect”, Cael said, but he added that there are also places where red or blue colourings are rising or falling.

“These are not ultra, massive ecosystem-destroying changes, they may be subtle,” said Cael. “But this gives us an additional piece of evidence that human activity is likely affecting large parts of the global biosphere in a way that we haven’t been able to understand.”

12 julio, 2023
por Felipe Sahagún
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The climate change crisis

Climate change

Climate change is becoming an increasingly pivotal determinant of economic growth, policy-making and social change. EIU’s latest report looks at visual data from our most recent analysis to assess the major trends, risks and opportunities inherent to businesses.

LINK to report

 

12 julio, 2023
por Felipe Sahagún
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The future of war (The Economist)

Soldiers on the Western Front in 1917

Big wars are tragedies for the people and countries that fight them. They also transform how the world prepares for conflict, with momentous consequences for global security. Britain, France and Germany sent observers to the American civil war to study battles like Gettysburg. The tank duels of the Yom Kippur war in 1973 accelerated the shift of America’s army from the force that lost in Vietnam to the one that thumped Iraq in 1991. That campaign, in turn, led China’s leaders to rebuild the People’s Liberation Army into the formidable force it is today. Continue leyendo →

11 julio, 2023
por Felipe Sahagún
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A look at today’s crises (Adam Tooze)

Global political economy is defined by the fraught intersection of economic policymaking, domestic and international governance challenges, and political realities around the world. Today the terrain of global political economy is rocked by polycrisis: Russia’s war on Ukraine, a strained U.S.-China relationship, deepening economic inequality, fraying trust in institutions and global relationships, accelerating technological competition, and climate emergencies affecting vast populations. Policymakers are navigating these crises against a backdrop of persistent concerns about inflation and economic growth as well as changing ideas about how to reconcile competing goals affecting the economy. How can countries overcome these crises to achieve greater prosperity and innovation, reduce risks of conflict, and protect the planet? And how will choices about today’s interconnected crises affect tomorrow’s institutions, opportunities, and conflicts?

Join us for a conversation between Carnegie nonresident scholar Adam Tooze and Carnegie president Mariano-Florentino (Tino) Cuéllar. This event is part of a series on the global political economy organized by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.